[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.plez.cz\/moskva-mesto-protikladu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.plez.cz\/moskva-mesto-protikladu\/","headline":"Moskva: M\u011bsto protiklad\u016f","name":"Moskva: M\u011bsto protiklad\u016f","description":"Historie Moskva je m&Auml;&#8250;stem s bohatou histori&Atilde;&shy;. Po&Auml;&Atilde;&iexcl;tkOs&Atilde;&shy;dlen&Atilde;&shy; v oblasti Moskvy se daj&Atilde;&shy; vystopovat a&Aring;&frac34; do 12. stolet&Atilde;&shy;. Tou dobou [&hellip;]","datePublished":"2020-08-09","dateModified":"2024-02-12","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.plez.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.plez.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16435f0a6c9262449b9ebb39f63178cd65c54b09f931b6f84682f48086e3d763?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16435f0a6c9262449b9ebb39f63178cd65c54b09f931b6f84682f48086e3d763?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"plez.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.plez.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/bebe.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.plez.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/bebe.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.plez.cz\/moskva-mesto-protikladu\/","about":["N\u00e1kupy"],"wordCount":739,"articleBody":" HistorieMoskva je m&Auml;&#8250;stem s bohatou histori&Atilde;&shy;. Po&Auml;&Atilde;&iexcl;tkOs&Atilde;&shy;dlen&Atilde;&shy; v oblasti Moskvy se daj&Atilde;&shy; vystopovat a&Aring;&frac34; do 12. stolet&Atilde;&shy;. Tou dobou zde st&Atilde;&iexcl;l zem&Auml;&#8250;d&Auml;&#8250;lsk&Atilde;&frac12; dvorec, kter&Atilde;&frac12; byl pojmenovan&Atilde;&frac12; podle prot&Atilde;&copy;kaj&Atilde;&shy;c&Atilde;&shy; &Aring;&#8482;eky Moskvy. Kv&Aring;&macr;li ochran&Auml;&#8250; byla kolem osady vybudovan&Atilde;&iexcl; d&Aring;&#8482;ev&Auml;&#8250;n&Atilde;&iexcl; palis&Atilde;&iexcl;da a ta dala z&Atilde;&iexcl;klad dne&Aring;&iexcl;n&Atilde;&shy;mu Kremlu. Moskva se tak stala bezpe&Auml;n&Atilde;&frac12;m m&Atilde;&shy;stem, kde odpo&Auml;&Atilde;&shy;vali cestuj&Atilde;&shy;c&Atilde;&shy; kn&Atilde;&shy;&Aring;&frac34;ata. Tak&Atilde;&copy; se zde za&Auml;aly prot&Atilde;&shy;nat obchodn&Atilde;&shy; stezky, a to dalo z&Atilde;&iexcl;klad obchodn&Atilde;&shy;mu centru. Moskevsk&Atilde;&iexcl; kn&Atilde;&shy;&Aring;&frac34;ata si upev&Aring;&#710;ovala svou moc a t&Atilde;&shy;m tak&Atilde;&copy; rostl v&Atilde;&frac12;znam m&Auml;&#8250;sta.Ve 14. stolet&Atilde;&shy; u&Aring;&frac34; m&Auml;&#8250;la Moskva 30 tis&Atilde;&shy;c obyvatel a stala se politick&Atilde;&frac12;m i c&Atilde;&shy;rkevn&Atilde;&shy;m centrem Ruska. Na po&Auml;&Atilde;&iexcl;tku 16. stolet&Atilde;&shy; m&Auml;&#8250;lo ji&Aring;&frac34; okol&Atilde;&shy; Kremlu evropsk&Atilde;&frac12; vzhled. Pod vl&Atilde;&iexcl;dou Ivana III. Se Moskva stala hlavn&Atilde;&shy;m m&Auml;&#8250;stem rusk&Atilde;&copy; &Aring;&#8482;&Atilde;&shy;&Aring;&iexcl;e. Rok 1571 nebyl pro Moskvu moc &Aring;&iexcl;&Aring;&yen;astn&Atilde;&frac12;. Krym&Aring;&iexcl;t&Atilde;&shy; Tata&Aring;&#8482;i ji vyp&Atilde;&iexcl;lili. Nechali jen Kreml.V historii do Moskvy dorazil i Napoleon Bonaparte a zapojil se do bitvy na Berezin&Auml;&#8250;, kde sice vyhr&Atilde;&iexcl;l, ale s obrovsk&Atilde;&frac12;mi ztr&Atilde;&iexcl;tami. Kv&Aring;&macr;li taktice rusk&Atilde;&copy;ho gener&Atilde;&iexcl;la v&Aring;&iexcl;ak musel z Moskvy se svou arm&Atilde;&iexcl;dou odej&Atilde;&shy;t kv&Aring;&macr;li vyhladov&Auml;&#8250;n&Atilde;&shy;.O Moskv&Auml;&#8250; z dne&Aring;&iexcl;n&Atilde;&shy;ho pohleduM&Auml;&#8250;sto le&Aring;&frac34;&Atilde;&shy; v nadmo&Aring;&#8482;sk&Atilde;&copy; v&Atilde;&frac12;&Aring;&iexcl;ce 156 metr&Aring;&macr; v kopcovit&Atilde;&copy; krajin&Auml;&#8250; mezi Volhou a Okou, na &Aring;&#8482;ece Moskv&Auml;&#8250;. Ta prot&Atilde;&copy;k&Atilde;&iexcl; m&Auml;&#8250;stem asi d&Atilde;&copy;lkou 80 km. V katastru m&Auml;&#8250;sta se do Moskvy vl&Atilde;&copy;v&Atilde;&iexcl; dal&Aring;&iexcl;&Atilde;&shy;ch 140 vodn&Atilde;&shy;ch tok&Aring;&macr;.Hranici m&Auml;&#8250;sta v dne&Aring;&iexcl;n&Atilde;&shy; dob&Auml;&#8250; tvo&Aring;&#8482;&Atilde;&shy; hlavn&Auml;&#8250; d&Atilde;&iexcl;lnice, asi 109 km dlouh&Atilde;&iexcl;. Moskva m&Atilde;&iexcl; 1097 km2, z toho asi t&Aring;&#8482;etinu plochy zab&Atilde;&shy;raj&Atilde;&shy; parky, les&Atilde;&shy;ky a zelen&Atilde;&copy; z&Atilde;&sup3;ny. A i za hranic&Atilde;&shy; m&Auml;&#8250;sta je &Aring;&iexcl;irok&Atilde;&frac12; zelen&Atilde;&frac12; p&Atilde;&iexcl;s les&Atilde;&shy;k&Aring;&macr;, kam si m&Atilde;&shy;stn&Atilde;&shy; obyvatel&Atilde;&copy; jezd&Atilde;&shy; odpo&Auml;inout.Po&Auml;as&Atilde;&shy; v Moskv&Auml;&#8250;Podneb&Atilde;&shy; je m&Atilde;&shy;rn&Atilde;&copy; kontinent&Atilde;&iexcl;ln&Atilde;&shy;. Pov&Auml;&#8250;stn&Atilde;&iexcl; rusk&Atilde;&iexcl; zima ale v Moskv&Auml;&#8250; nen&Atilde;&shy; nijak extr&Atilde;&copy;mn&Atilde;&shy;. Za&Auml;&Atilde;&shy;n&Atilde;&iexcl; v polovin&Auml;&#8250; listopadu a kon&Auml;&Atilde;&shy; za&Auml;&Atilde;&iexcl;tkem dubna. V zim&Auml;&#8250; je zde p&Atilde;&iexcl;r hodn&Auml;&#8250; studen&Atilde;&frac12;ch dn&Aring;&macr;, kdy teploty snadno lezou k &#8211; 20 &Acirc;&deg; C nen&Atilde;&shy; nijak v&Atilde;&frac12;jime&Auml;n&Atilde;&iexcl;. Do Moskvy se lze dostat n&Auml;&#8250;kolika zp&Aring;&macr;soby, letadlem je to pohodln&Atilde;&copy; a rychl&Atilde;&copy;. Mimo turistickou sez&Atilde;&sup3;nu se daj&Atilde;&shy; letenky moskva Levneletenky sehnat bez v&Auml;&#8250;t&Aring;&iexcl;&Atilde;&shy;ch probl&Atilde;&copy;m&Aring;&macr;.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2\/5 - (6 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Moskva: M\u011bsto protiklad\u016f","item":"https:\/\/www.plez.cz\/moskva-mesto-protikladu\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]